Where does neutral collide?

In international relations and law, neutrality is the stance of a state that abstains from an armed conflict between other states and treats the belligerents impartially. In exchange for recognised rights of non-involvement it accepts duties of non-participation and even-handedness, a bargain codified in the law of neutrality and practised by states such as Switzerland. Goetschel examines how far the concept survives the end of the Cold War. The referent is a political and legal position of a state, unrelated to a wire at zero volts or a solution at pH 7.[1]

Unit

A state's declared non-participation and impartiality in a conflict

Recovery means

Not applicable

Measured by

Assessed by a state's abstention from belligerency and its even-handed conduct toward the parties

In aqueous chemistry a solution is neutral when the activities of hydronium and hydroxide ions are equal, so it is neither acidic nor basic. At 25 degrees Celsius this corresponds to pH 7, the point set by the self-ionisation constant of water; because that constant varies with temperature, the neutral pH shifts with it. The referent is a balance of ion concentrations in a solution, which has nothing to do with a grounded conductor or a non-belligerent state beyond the shared meaning of being balanced between two extremes.[2]

Unit

The pH at which hydronium and hydroxide activities are equal

Recovery means

Not applicable

Measured by

Determined by comparing solution pH to the neutral point of water at the given temperature