Construct · 2 fields · 4 citations

Where does transducer collide?

One name. Different field. Different construct. One map.

● jingle · one word, two constructs Nearest construct by meaningsignalingcompare the meanings
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transducer2 CONSTRUCTSState transducerMEALY · STRING MAPPERSignal transducerRODBELL · SIGNAL RELAY

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1955State transducer1971Signal transducer
2026

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Automata theory

An abstract machine that maps input strings to output strings

In automata theory a transducer, or finite-state transducer, is an abstract machine with a finite number of states that reads a string of input symbols and produces a string of output symbols, mapping one to the other. Mealy's 1955 A method for synthesizing sequential circuits defined a finite-state machine whose output depends on both the current state and the current input, and Moore's 1956 Gedanken-experiments on sequential machines defined the companion form whose output depends on the state alone. The referent is a mathematical object made of states and transition rules, with no physical energy and no chemistry, unlike the engineering device or the signalling molecule that share the word.[1][2]

Unit
One automaton defined by states and transitions that reads an input string and writes an output string
Recovery means
Not applicable
Measured by
Specified by its state set, input and output alphabets, and transition and output functions, and analysed for determinism and the relation it computes

Cell biology

A molecule that relays a signal from a receptor to an effector

In cell biology a signal transducer is a molecule, classically a G protein, that receives a message from a surface receptor and passes it to an effector enzyme inside the cell. Rodbell and colleagues' 1971 study of the glucagon-sensitive adenylyl cyclase system in liver membranes found that a guanine nucleotide is obligatory for the signal to cross the membrane, marking a distinct step between the receptor and the enzyme. Rodbell's 1980 The role of hormone receptors and GTP-regulatory proteins in membrane transduction named that step the transducer, casting the system as a receptor that discriminates the signal, a transducer that carries it, and an amplifier that acts on it. The referent is a chemical relay inside a living cell, not an energy-converting instrument or an abstract string-mapping machine.[3][4]

Unit
One molecular component that receives a signal at a receptor and passes it to an effector inside the cell
Recovery means
The transducer resets when its bound GTP is hydrolysed to GDP, returning it to the inactive state
Measured by
Assayed by nucleotide binding and hydrolysis, and by the activity of the downstream effector such as adenylyl cyclase

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Nearby collisions

transduction4 fields · 4 citationsjingle · one word, four constructssignal5 fields · 5 citationsjingle · one word, five constructsreceptor2 fields · 2 citationsjingle · one word, two constructs

References

  1. Mealy, G. H. (1955). A method for synthesizing sequential circuits. The Bell System Technical Journal, 34(5), 1045–1079. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1538-7305.1955.tb03788.x
  2. Moore, E. F. (1956). Gedanken-experiments on sequential machines. In C. E. Shannon & J. McCarthy (Eds.), Automata studies (pp. 129–153). Princeton University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400882618-006
  3. Rodbell, M., Birnbaumer, L., Pohl, S. L., & Krans, H. M. J. (1971). The glucagon-sensitive adenyl cyclase system in plasma membranes of rat liver. V. An obligatory role of guanylnucleotides in glucagon action. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 246(6), 1877–1882. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)62390-7
  4. Rodbell, M. (1980). The role of hormone receptors and GTP-regulatory proteins in membrane transduction. Nature, 284(5751), 17–22. https://doi.org/10.1038/284017a0

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