Where does anaphora collide?

In linguistics, anaphora is the relation by which an expression depends for its interpretation on another expression, usually earlier in the discourse, as when the pronoun "she" takes its reference from a previously named person. Sag and Hankamer's Toward a theory of anaphoric processing distinguishes anaphora that reconstructs linguistic structure from anaphora resolved against a mental model, treating it as a central problem of how interpretation is recovered from context. The referent is a dependency of meaning between elements of a text, studied through which antecedents are available and accessible, and it is the near-opposite of the rhetorical figure that simply repeats a word.[1]

Unit

The link between an anaphor and the antecedent that fixes its interpretation

Recovery means

Not applicable

Measured by

Studied through antecedent availability, accessibility, and the resolution of the dependency in comprehension

In rhetoric, anaphora is a figure of emphasis in which the same word or phrase is deliberately repeated at the beginning of successive clauses or sentences, as in "we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds." The figure dates to classical antiquity; Lanham's A Handlist of Rhetorical Terms catalogues it among the schemes of repetition used to build rhythm and force. The referent is a stylistic pattern of initial repetition for persuasive effect, a device of production rather than a relation of back-reference to be resolved, so the same word names two nearly contrary constructs.[2]

Unit

The repeated opening word or phrase across successive clauses

Recovery means

Not applicable

Measured by

Identified by deliberate repetition of a word or phrase at the start of consecutive clauses or lines