Construct · 2 fields · 2 citations
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In number theory the mediant of two fractions a/b and c/d is the fraction (a+c)/(b+d), formed by adding numerators and denominators separately. Graham, Knuth, and Patashnik's Concrete mathematics uses it to build the Stern–Brocot tree and the Farey sequences, where the mediant of two neighbors always lies strictly between them and is the simplest fraction in that interval. The referent is a binary operation on rationals, defined purely arithmetically, unrelated to a musical scale degree beyond the shared Latin root for middle.[1]
In music the mediant is the third degree of the diatonic scale and the chord built on it, so called because it sits midway between the tonic and the dominant a fifth above. Kostka, Payne, and Almén's Tonal harmony describes its weak, in-between function and its tendency to substitute for the tonic or to lead toward other chords. The referent is a scale-degree position and harmonic function within a key, fixed by its place in the scale, a different construct from an arithmetic operation on fractions, joined only by the meaning of being in the middle.[2]
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