Construct · 3 fields · 3 citations

Where does tempo collide?

One name. Different field. Different construct. One map.

● jingle · one word, three constructs Nearest construct by meaningrhythmcompare the meanings
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Every construct on the map is compared with every other by the meaning of its definitions, and the closest one is surfaced here. The nearest construct to tempo is rhythm.

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tempo3 CONSTRUCTSMusical tempoREPP · BEATS PER MINUTETempo effectBONGAARTS · TIMING SHIFTSpeech tempoJACEWICZ · SYLLABLES/SEC

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1994Musical tempo1998Tempo effect2010Speech tempo
2026

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Music theory and performance

The speed of a piece of music

The speed or pace at which a piece of music moves, that is, the rate of its underlying beat, conventionally given in beats per minute and marked by words such as allegro for fast or adagio for slow. Repp's 1994 On determining the basic tempo of an expressive music performance studied how listeners and players settle on the basic rate of a piece even as a performer speeds up and slows down for expression. The referent is a rate of musical motion, a property of sound unfolding in time, and it is not a move that buys a player time on a chessboard, a distortion in a population's fertility rate, or how fast a person talks.[1]

Unit
One beat per minute of the music's basic pulse
Recovery means
Not applicable
Measured by
Read from a score's marking or set on a metronome, and estimated from recordings by tapping to the beat or by beat-tracking software

Demography

distortion of a period rate caused by changes in the timing of counted events rather than their eventual number.

The distortion of a period rate, such as the total fertility rate for a single year, caused by changes in the timing of the events being counted rather than by any change in their eventual number. When couples postpone childbearing, births are spread more thinly across years and the yearly rate dips below the number of children women will actually complete; when they bring childbearing forward, the yearly rate rises above it. Bongaarts and Feeney's 1998 On the quantum and tempo of fertility separated this timing component, the tempo, from the quantum, the ultimate level of fertility, and gave a method to adjust for it. The referent is a timing artefact in a demographic rate, and it is not the speed of music, a move on a chessboard, or how quickly someone speaks.[2]

Unit
The shift a change of timing imposes on a year's period rate
Recovery means
Not applicable
Measured by
Estimated by tempo-adjusted rates that strip out the effect of changing timing, following Bongaarts and Feeney's formula

Phonetics and linguistics

The rate at which a person speaks

The rate at which a person speaks, measured as the number of sounds, syllables, or words produced per unit of time, sometimes counting pauses (speaking rate) and sometimes excluding them (articulation rate). It varies with the speaker, the dialect, the situation, and the stretch of talk being timed. Jacewicz, Fox, and Wei's 2010 Between-speaker and within-speaker variation in speech tempo of American English measured articulation rate across regions, ages, and speaking styles and quantified how much it differs within and between talkers. The referent is a rate of talking, a property of a person's speech, and it is not the pace of a musical piece, a move that gains time in chess, or a timing distortion in fertility statistics.[3]

Unit
Syllables (or sounds, or words) spoken per second
Recovery means
Not applicable
Measured by
Timed from recordings as syllables or words per second, either including pauses (speaking rate) or excluding them (articulation rate)

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Nearby collisions

cadence3 fields · 3 citationsjingle · one word, three constructsmeter2 fields · 2 citationsjingle · one word, two constructsrhythm4 fields · 4 citationsjingle · one word, four constructs

References

  1. Repp, B. H. (1994). On determining the basic tempo of an expressive music performance. Psychology of Music, 22(2), 157–167. https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735694222005
  2. Bongaarts, J., & Feeney, G. (1998). On the quantum and tempo of fertility. Population and Development Review, 24(2), 271–291. https://doi.org/10.2307/2807974
  3. Jacewicz, E., Fox, R. A., & Wei, L. (2010). Between-speaker and within-speaker variation in speech tempo of American English. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 128(2), 839–850. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.3459842

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