Construct · 2 fields · 4 citations

Where does campaign collide?

One name. Different field. Different construct. One map.

● jingle · one word, two constructs Nearest construct by meaningstrategycompare the meanings
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Every construct on the map is compared with every other by the meaning of its definitions, and the closest one is surfaced here. The nearest construct to campaign is strategy.

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campaign2 CONSTRUCTSElectoral campaignLAZARSFELD · VOTE EFFECTHealth campaignFARQUHAR · HEALTH DRIVE

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1944Electoral campaign1977Health campaign
2026

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Political science

An organised bid for votes and its effect on choice

An electoral campaign is the organised effort by a candidate or party to win votes before an election, and campaign effects are the measurable changes in voters' choices that the effort produces. Paul Lazarsfeld, Bernard Berelson, and Hazel Gaudet's 1944 The People's Choice followed a presidential campaign with a repeated survey and concluded that campaigns mostly reinforce existing loyalties rather than convert voters, a finding later called the minimal effects model, and Steven Finkel's 1993 Reexamining the 'Minimal Effects' Model in Recent Presidential Campaigns tested that claim again and found small but real conversion. The referent is a contest for votes, measured by shifts in vote intention and turnout, and it is neither a series of battles in the field nor a drive to change health behaviour.[1][2]

Unit
One organised bid for votes in an election cycle, by a candidate or party
Recovery means
Not applicable
Measured by
Measured by changes in vote intention, turnout, and choice across a campaign, often with panel surveys and field experiments

Public health and medicine

A population-wide effort to change a health behaviour

A public health campaign is a planned, population-wide effort that uses mass media and community programmes to change a health behaviour or risk factor. John Farquhar and colleagues' 1977 Community education for cardiovascular health reported the Stanford Three Community Study, one of the first controlled tests of a media and face to face campaign to lower cardiovascular risk across whole towns, and Melanie Wakefield, Barbara Loken, and Robert Hornik's 2010 Use of mass media campaigns to change health behaviour reviewed decades of such efforts and their typically small but worthwhile population effects. The referent is a coordinated intervention in a population, measured by changes in behaviour and clinical risk, and it is not a march of armies or a bid for votes.[3][4]

Unit
One coordinated intervention aimed at a population's health behaviour or risk
Recovery means
Not applicable
Measured by
Evaluated by changes in the targeted behaviour and in clinical risk factors, often with controlled community trials and surveys

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Nearby collisions

strategy4 fields · 4 citationsjingle · one word, four constructspersuasion3 fields · 5 citationsjingle · one word, three constructsmobilization3 fields · 3 citationsjingle · one word, three constructs

References

  1. Lazarsfeld, P. F., Berelson, B., & Gaudet, H. (1944). The people's choice: How the voter makes up his mind in a presidential campaign. Columbia University Press.
  2. Finkel, S. E. (1993). Reexamining the 'minimal effects' model in recent presidential campaigns. The Journal of Politics, 55(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.2307/2132225
  3. Farquhar, J. W., Wood, P. D., Breitrose, H., Haskell, W. L., Meyer, A. J., Maccoby, N., Alexander, J. K., Brown, B. W., McAlister, A. L., Nash, J. D., & Stern, M. P. (1977). Community education for cardiovascular health. The Lancet, 309(8023), 1192–1195. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(77)92727-1
  4. Wakefield, M. A., Loken, B., & Hornik, R. C. (2010). Use of mass media campaigns to change health behaviour. The Lancet, 376(9748), 1261–1271. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60809-4

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