Where does turnout collide?

In classical ballet, turnout is the outward rotation of the whole leg so that the knees and feet face away from the body's midline, the foundation of the five positions and of the aesthetic line the technique demands. Gilbert, Gross, and Klug's 1998 Relationship between hip external rotation and turnout angle for the five classical ballet positions measured how much of a dancer's standing turnout actually comes from external rotation at the hip rather than from twisting the knee, ankle, or foot. The referent is a joint-range quantity in a moving body, expressed as the angle between the feet, and it has nothing to do with a railway switch or how many citizens cast a ballot beyond the shared idea of being turned out.[1]

Unit

The angle, in degrees, through which the legs rotate outward at the hips

Recovery means

Not applicable

Measured by

Assessed by goniometry of passive hip external rotation and by the foot-to-foot angle achieved in each ballet position

In political science, turnout is the proportion of eligible citizens who cast a ballot in a given election, a headline measure of democratic participation. Blais's 2006 What affects voter turnout? reviews why the figure rises and falls across countries and contests, weighing institutional factors such as compulsory voting and electoral system against individual costs and benefits of showing up. The referent is an aggregate participation rate in an electorate, reported as a percentage of those entitled to vote, and it shares only the word with a ballet dancer's leg rotation or a railway junction's switch.[2]

Unit

The percentage of the eligible electorate that casts a ballot

Recovery means

Not applicable

Measured by

Computed as votes cast divided by the eligible or registered population, compared across elections and jurisdictions