Construct · 3 fields · 3 citations
One name. Different field. Different construct. One map.
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The property of a system in which several computations execute in overlapping time intervals and may interact, so the exact order of their steps is not fixed in advance: it is a way of structuring a program as independently progressing processes, and it is distinct from parallelism, which is about literally running steps at the same instant on separate hardware. Hoare's 1978 Communicating sequential processes treated parallel composition of communicating processes as a basic way to structure a program and showed how such processes coordinate through input and output. The referent is a structural property of computation, studied through race conditions and concurrency control, and it has nothing to do with overlapping human partnerships, lines meeting at a point, or prison terms running together.[1]
In infectious disease epidemiology, concurrency is the property of a sexual partnership network in which a person's partnerships overlap in time rather than following strictly one after another, so a pathogen introduced into one partnership can travel onward before that partnership has ended. Morris and Kretzschmar's 1997 Concurrent partnerships and the spread of HIV modelled how this overlap, holding the total number of partnerships fixed, raises both the size and the speed of an epidemic compared with the same partnerships taken sequentially. The referent is a measured structural property of a contact network, not the interleaving of computer processes, the meeting of geometric lines, or the joint running of criminal sentences.[2]
In geometry, concurrency is the property of three or more lines all passing through a single common point: the lines are then said to be concurrent, and the shared point is their point of concurrence. Classical results collected in Coxeter and Greitzer's 1967 Geometry Revisited show, for instance, that the three medians of a triangle are concurrent at its centroid, and its three altitudes at the orthocentre. The referent is a static relation of incidence among lines in a plane, with no notion of time at all, unlike overlapping computations, overlapping partnerships, or sentences served together.[3]
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