Construct · 2 fields · 2 citations
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In mathematics, the logarithm of a number to a given base is the exponent to which the base must be raised to produce that number, turning multiplication into addition and powers into products; the natural logarithm is the inverse of the exponential function and is central to analysis. The concept dates to Napier's 1614 tables, and Rudin's Principles of mathematical analysis develops the exponential and logarithmic functions rigorously from the real and complex number systems. The referent is a function (and its values) inverting exponentiation, expressed in log units of the chosen base, conceptually unrelated to a database's write-ahead log or a ship's speed log, which share only the clipped word “log”.[1]
In database systems, the log (or write-ahead log) is an append-only sequence of records describing every change, written to stable storage before the change itself is applied, so that committed work can be redone and uncommitted work undone after a crash. Mohan and colleagues' 1992 ARIES defined the write-ahead-logging and recovery method built around such a log and its sequence numbers. The referent is a durable, ordered record of state changes that enables recovery and replication, measured by log volume and sequence position, the record-keeping meaning of “log” it shares with a ship's log but not with the mathematical logarithm.[2]
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