Construct · 2 fields · 3 citations
One name. Different field. Different construct. One map.
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Darwin's 1859 On the Origin of Species devoted a chapter to 'the imperfection of the geological record', treating the layered rock and its fossils as a fragmentary history of life from which most pages are missing. In this meaning the record is the sequence of strata and the fossils they hold, read as evidence of past life and past environments across geological time. Raup's 1972 Taxonomic diversity during the Phanerozoic showed how this fossil record is unevenly sampled and biased, and how its gaps shape estimates of ancient diversity. The referent is a physical archive written in rock, dated by stratigraphy and radiometric methods, and it is neither a court's binding memorial nor a stored data item.[1][2]
Codd's 1970 A relational model of data for large shared data banks formalised the row of a table as a tuple: a fixed set of named fields, each drawn from a defined domain, that together describe one entity. In computing this structured data record is the elementary unit of storage and retrieval, a grouping of related fields such as a name, a date, and an amount handled as a single item. The referent is an organised bundle of data values in a machine, defined by its fields and their types, and it has nothing in common with a court's binding memorial or a layer of fossil-bearing rock beyond the shared word.[3]
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