Construct · 3 fields · 3 citations
One name. One construct. Different systems. One map.
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In silviculture, stocking is how fully a stand occupies its growing space relative to a reference level of full occupancy, a measure of whether a site carries too few, enough, or too many trees for the manager's goal. Gingrich's 1967 Measuring and evaluating stocking and stand density in upland hardwood forests in the Central States built the stocking charts that read occupancy from basal area and stems per acre, with A- and B-lines marking full and minimum useful stocking. The referent is the loading of a managed system with organisms relative to its capacity, the identical construct that in rangelands is reckoned in grazing animals and in fish farms in biomass per volume.[1]
In rangeland and grazing science, the stocking rate is the number of grazing animals carried on a unit of land over a given time, the central lever for matching herbivore demand to forage supply. Jones and Sandland's 1974 The relation between animal gain and stocking rate derived the now-standard relationship in which gain per animal falls, and gain per unit area peaks and then falls, as the rate rises. It is the same occupancy-relative-to-capacity construct as forest stocking, realised in a grazing system and measured in animal units per area per time rather than in trees.[2]
In aquaculture, stocking density is the number or biomass of fish held per unit of water, the key husbandry setting that trades yield per tank against growth, water quality, and welfare. Ellis and colleagues' 2002 The relationships between stocking density and welfare in farmed rainbow trout reviewed how crowding past a threshold degrades growth and welfare even as it raises output per volume. It is the same construct as forest stocking and rangeland stocking rate (how heavily a system is loaded with organisms relative to what it can support), here expressed as fish per cubic metre.[3]
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