Construct · 2 fields · 2 citations
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In plate tectonics, subduction is the process by which one lithospheric plate (usually dense oceanic crust) bends and sinks beneath another into the underlying mantle, forming a deep ocean trench where it descends and an arc of volcanoes behind it as fluids driven off the sinking slab melt the overlying wedge. Subduction zones are the planet's largest recyclers of surface material and the sites of its greatest earthquakes and most explosive eruptions, as Stern's 2002 Subduction zones reviews. The referent is a convergent plate boundary and its downgoing-slab process, characterised by trench and volcanic-arc geometry, the dip of the slab, and the depth distribution of its earthquakes.[1]
In physical oceanography, subduction refers to water pumped down from the surface mixed layer into the ocean's interior thermocline. This meaning comes from Stommel (1979) in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.[2]
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