Construct · 2 fields · 2 citations
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In logic, a tautology is a propositional formula that comes out true under every assignment of truth values to its variables ("P or not P" is the paradigm), so it is logically valid and conveys no factual information about the world. Post's 1921 Introduction to a general theory of elementary propositions introduced the truth-table method that defines and detects tautologies. The referent is a formula valid in virtue of its logical form alone.[1]
In linguistics and rhetoric, a tautology is a statement that says the same thing twice or is trivially true by its wording: overt redundancy such as "free gift," or nominal tautologies like "boys will be boys" that nonetheless convey a pragmatic meaning. Wierzbicka's 1987 Boys will be boys argues that such apparently empty utterances carry culture-specific content. The referent is a redundant or trivially-true expression in natural language and its pragmatic effect, not a formally valid formula.[2]
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