Construct · 2 fields · 2 citations
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In software engineering, the waterfall model is a development process in which work flows in one direction through fixed, sequential phases (requirements, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance), each finished and signed off before the next begins, like water falling step by step and never flowing back up. Royce's 1970 Managing the development of large software systems laid out this staged picture (while actually warning that iteration between phases is necessary), and later writers named the cascade the "waterfall." The referent is a sequential, document-driven project lifecycle, and it has nothing to do with a cascade of creditor payments or an eroding river step beyond the shared image of flowing downward in stages.[1]
In geomorphology a waterfall is a steep step in a river's long profile (a knickpoint) where water plunges over resistant rock and scours a plunge pool at its base, and the step migrates upstream as erosion undercuts and collapses the lip. Scheingross and Lamb's 2017 A mechanistic model of waterfall plunge pool erosion into bedrock models how the plunging jet excavates the pool and controls how fast the waterfall retreats. The referent is a landform and an erosional process in a bedrock channel, measured by drop height, plunge-pool depth, and retreat rate, and it is unrelated to a project schedule or a payout rule beyond the literal falling of water.[2]
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