Construct · 3 fields · 4 citations
One name. Different field. Different construct. One map.
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The fundamental organization of a software system: the set of structures made up of its components, their externally visible properties, and the relationships among them, together with the principles governing the system's design and evolution. Perry and Wolf's 1992 Foundations for the study of software architecture modelled it as elements, form, and rationale, and separated a particular architecture from the architectural styles that constrain whole families of systems. The referent is the high-level structure of code and its constraints, chosen to meet quality attributes, not a company's operating blueprint, a designed building, or the staging of biological sleep.[1][2]
A holistic blueprint that aligns an organization's business processes, information, and technology infrastructure so that they support the enterprise's mission as a coherent whole. Zachman's 1987 A framework for information systems architecture arranged these descriptions as a matrix of perspectives and abstractions, later elaborated by practice frameworks such as TOGAF. The referent is the organization-wide structure that governs how business and IT fit together, not the internals of one software system, a physical building, or the pattern of a night's sleep.[3]
The structural organization of sleep across the night: the amount, sequence, and cyclic alternation of the distinct sleep stages, the non-REM stages and REM, as they recur through successive cycles. Ohayon, Carskadon, Guilleminault, and Vitiello's 2004 meta-analysis derived normative values for these parameters across the human lifespan, quantifying how stage proportions and continuity shift with age. The referent is the temporal architecture of a sleeping brain, recorded by polysomnography, not the structure of software, an enterprise, or a building.[4]
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