Where does ridge collide?

In marine geology a mid-ocean ridge is the long raised seam running through the ocean basins where two plates pull apart and new crust wells up and solidifies. As it cools it records the Earth’s magnetic field, so the seafloor carries symmetric magnetic stripes on either side of the ridge axis, the pattern Vine and Matthews’s Magnetic anomalies over oceanic ridges read as a record of spreading. The referent is a tectonic landform and spreading centre measured in spreading rate and relief, with no connection to a statistical penalty or a jaw’s bony crest.[1]

Unit

The elevated axis of a seafloor spreading centre

Recovery means

Not applicable

Measured by

Mapped by bathymetry, spreading rate, and the symmetry of magnetic anomaly stripes about the axis

In statistics ridge regression is a way to fit a regression when predictors are highly correlated and ordinary least squares becomes unstable. It adds a penalty on the squared size of the coefficients, deliberately accepting a little bias in exchange for much lower variance, so the estimates stay bounded and usable. Hoerl and Kennard’s Ridge regression: Biased estimation for nonorthogonal problems introduced the method and its name. The referent is an estimation technique governed by a tuning parameter, sharing only a word with an undersea mountain chain or a bony crest in the mouth.[2]

Unit

The shrinkage applied to regression coefficients under an L2 penalty

Recovery means

Not applicable

Measured by

Controlled by the ridge (penalty) parameter, chosen by cross-validation and shown on the coefficient trace