Where does suppression collide?

In statistics, suppression is the situation in multiple regression where adding a predictor increases the validity of another predictor by removing irrelevant variance from it, so that a suppressor variable's own weak relationship with the outcome belies its role in improving the model. Conger's 1974 A revised definition for suppressor variables clarified and generalised the concept and how to identify it. The referent is a relationship among predictors in a statistical model, unrelated to covering fire or to damping the immune response.[1]

Unit

The increase in another predictor's validity produced by including the suppressor

Recovery means

Not applicable

Measured by

Identified from regression weights exceeding zero-order correlations and gains in predictive validity when the suppressor is added

In military operations, suppression is the use of fire to degrade an enemy's ability to observe, move, or return fire for as long as the fire is sustained, as in suppression of enemy air defences, where the aim is to neutralise rather than necessarily destroy. Gaver and Jacobs's 1998 technical report modelled suppression of enemy air defences as a duel over information and engagement. The referent is a temporary degradation of an opponent's effectiveness imposed by fire, a distinct construct from a statistical suppressor or the damping of an immune response.[2]

Unit

The degree and duration an enemy's capacity to act is degraded by fire

Recovery means

Suppression lifts once the fire ceases, distinguishing it from destruction

Measured by

Assessed by the reduction in enemy observation, movement, and return fire while suppression is applied

In immunology, suppression is the damping of an immune response, whether by the body's own regulatory mechanisms that restrain self-reactivity or by drugs given deliberately to prevent transplant rejection or treat autoimmune disease. Murphy and Weaver's Janeway's immunobiology describes both regulatory suppression and therapeutic immunosuppression and their mechanisms. The referent is the down-regulation of immune activity, sharing only the word with covering fire on a battlefield or a suppressor variable in a regression.[3]

Unit

The degree to which immune activity is reduced

Recovery means

Not applicable

Measured by

Gauged by reduced immune effector activity, graft survival, and markers of regulatory suppression