Construct · 3 fields · 3 citations
One name. Different field. Different construct. One map.
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In developmental biology, Notch is a cell-surface receptor and the signaling pathway it anchors, by which direct contact between neighboring cells controls cell fate, so that adjacent cells adopt different identities during development. The name comes from a Drosophila mutant whose wings carried notches, and Artavanis-Tsakonas, Rand, and Lake's 1999 Notch signaling: cell fate control and signal integration in development set out how ligand binding releases the receptor's intracellular domain to the nucleus to steer transcription. The referent is a juxtacrine signaling system that integrates fate decisions, and it is a different construct from an engineer's band-reject filter or the notch cut into a test specimen, sharing only the word.[1]
In fracture mechanics and machine design, a notch is any abrupt change in a part's geometry, such as a groove, hole, keyway, or sharp fillet, that concentrates stress locally far above the nominal applied stress and so becomes the likely site of yielding, fatigue cracking, or fracture. Pilkey and Pilkey's Peterson's Stress Concentration Factors compiles the factors that quantify how severely a given notch raises local stress. The referent is a geometric stress raiser characterised by a concentration factor and a notch sensitivity, and it has nothing to do with a developmental receptor or an audio filter beyond the shared idea of a cut.[2]
In signal processing, a notch filter is a band-reject filter that strongly attenuates a very narrow band of frequencies while passing everything above and below it, the classic use being to remove a single interfering tone such as mains hum from a recording. Oppenheim and Schafer's Discrete-Time Signal Processing develops the pole-zero placement and frequency response that give a notch its narrow, deep rejection. The referent is a frequency-selective filter defined by its notch frequency, depth, and width, and it is unrelated to a cell-fate receptor or a geometric stress raiser, sharing only the picture of a narrow dip.[3]
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