Where does proposition collide?

In logic and the philosophy of language, a proposition is the abstract content that is true or false, expressed by a declarative sentence and taken to stay the same across different wordings or languages. Aristotle's On interpretation (ca. 350 BCE) first singled out the declarative statement as the kind of utterance that can be true or false, and Bolzano's 1837 Wissenschaftslehre recast this content as a mind-independent sentence in itself, a treatment sharpened by Frege's 1918 Der Gedanke, which held that the thought a sentence expresses is the primary bearer of truth. The referent is a semantic object, the meaning a sentence carries, and it is not a proved result in a deductive system or a firm's promise of benefits to a buyer.[1][2][3]

Unit

One truth-evaluable content expressed by a declarative sentence

Recovery means

Not applicable

Measured by

Identified by logical analysis: what a sentence asserts, its truth conditions, and what follows from it

In mathematics, a proposition is a statement that is asserted and then established by proof, or a construction that is carried out and justified. Euclid's Elements (ca. 300 BCE) laid out geometry as a numbered chain of such propositions, each a theorem to be demonstrated or a problem to be solved from the preceding definitions, postulates, and results. In modern usage a proposition is a labelled proved statement, often a smaller result than one called a theorem. The referent is a claim inside a formal deductive system, certified by proof, not the truth-bearing content studied by philosophers or the value a business offers a customer.[4]

Unit

One asserted statement or construction within a proof system

Recovery means

Not applicable

Measured by

Certified by a valid deductive proof from accepted definitions, axioms, and prior results

In marketing and management, the value proposition is the bundle of benefits a firm promises to deliver to a chosen customer segment, the reason a customer should pick its offer over rivals. Lanning and Michaels coined the phrase in their 1988 McKinsey staff paper A business is a value delivery system, framing the firm as choosing, providing, and communicating a specific package of value; Payne, Frow, and Eggert's 2017 review traced how the idea developed and how it is built and tested in practice. The referent is a strategic promise aimed at a market, gauged by what customers will pay and prefer, and it has nothing to do with the truth-bearing content of logic or a proved statement in mathematics.[5][6]

Unit

One firm's promised bundle of benefits to a target customer segment

Recovery means

Not applicable

Measured by

Assessed by customer willingness to pay, stated preference, choice, and perceived benefits against price