Construct · 3 fields · 3 citations
One name. Different field. Different construct. One map.
● jingle · one word, three constructs Nearest construct by meaningtemperamentcompare the meaningsEvery construct on the map is compared with every other by the meaning of its definitions, and the closest one is surfaced here. The nearest construct to temper is temperament.
Hold this as a prompt, not a verdict. Two constructs sitting close in meaning is a reason to read them side by side and decide for yourself whether they are one idea under two names. It is not proof that they are. Compare the meanings in the Collider.
Spokes are fields; dashed arcs are shared lineage. Tap a field for its definition, unit, and measures.
Drag to watch the word get claimed. Each field appears at the publication date of the earliest source cited for it. Tap a year to see which.
The controlled reheating of a hardened metal, such as quenched steel, to a moderate temperature so that it loses some brittleness and internal stress while keeping much of its hardness: the resulting condition is called the temper of the metal, and the process is tempering. Grange, Hribal, and Porter's 1977 Hardness of tempered martensite in carbon and low-alloy steels measured how hardness falls in a predictable way as tempering temperature and time rise, letting engineers dial in a chosen balance of hardness and toughness. The referent is a physical state of a metal set by a heat cycle, and it is not a person's habitual mood or the crystal state of a bar of chocolate, even though the chocolate meaning also turns on heat and crystal structure.[1]
A person's characteristic state of mind, and in everyday use especially the tendency toward anger and the effort to control it, as in keeping or losing one's temper: temper here names how readily a person is provoked and how they hold or release that provocation. Averill's 1983 Studies on anger and aggression treated everyday anger as a socially shaped, rule-governed response rather than a raw eruption, showing how people appraise a wrong and regulate their reaction. The referent is a disposition of a person, learned and situational, and it is not the hardness state of a metal or the crystal state of chocolate, and it is narrower than the broader inborn temperament from which the word descends.[2]
The controlled heating, cooling, and reheating of melted chocolate so that the cocoa butter sets into its stable crystal form, giving a glossy surface, a firm snap, and resistance to bloom: chocolate that has been through this cycle is said to be in temper. Afoakwa, Paterson, Fowler, and Vieira's 2008 Effects of tempering and fat crystallisation behaviour showed how the tempering regime governs the microstructure, mechanical strength, and appearance of dark chocolate through the polymorph of cocoa butter that forms. The referent is the crystal state of a fat in a food, and it is not a person's mood, though it shares with the metallurgical meaning the idea of fixing internal structure through a heat cycle.[3]
Next
See how temper sits against neighbouring constructs in the Collider, or export every reference on this page in one click.
Open in ColliderExport BibTeXReport this collisionCited on this page?
If your work is cited behind one of these entries, you know better than we do whether we captured the meaning right. Confirm it, suggest an edit, or dispute it, and your name goes on the entry as an author who has checked it, linked to your ORCID.
Claim your construct