Construct · 3 fields · 5 citations
One name. Different field. Different construct. One map.
● jingle · one word, three constructs Nearest construct by meaninghybridizationcompare the meaningsEvery construct on the map is compared with every other by the meaning of its definitions, and the closest one is surfaced here. The nearest construct to hybrid is hybridization.
Hold this as a prompt, not a verdict. Two constructs sitting close in meaning is a reason to read them side by side and decide for yourself whether they are one idea under two names. It is not proof that they are. Compare the meanings in the Collider.
Spokes are fields; dashed arcs are shared lineage. Tap a field for its definition, unit, and measures.
Drag to watch the word get claimed. Each field appears at the publication date of the earliest source cited for it. Tap a year to see which.
The living offspring produced when two genetically distinct parents, drawn from different species, subspecies, or varieties, are crossed. Kölreuter's 1761 Vorläufige Nachricht von einigen das Geschlecht der Pflanzen betreffenden Versuchen und Beobachtungen reported the first deliberate plant hybrids and showed they carried a blend of both parents' traits, and Mendel's 1866 Versuche über Pflanzen-Hybriden traced how those traits reappeared in fixed ratios across later generations. The referent is an individual organism of mixed parentage, counted as one plant or animal and described by which traits it inherited, and it is not a word stitched from two languages, a firm that mixes governance modes, or a car with two power sources.[1][2]
An organizational arrangement that sits between the open market and the fully owned firm, using long-term contracts, alliances, or franchising to coordinate parties who stay legally separate. Williamson's 1991 Comparative Economic Organization named the hybrid as a distinct governance mode, with incentives and controls set between those of a market and a hierarchy, and Battilana and Lee's 2014 Advancing Research on Hybrid Organizing extended the label to firms that combine competing institutional logics, such as social enterprises pursuing mission and profit at once. The referent is a way of governing an economic exchange, classified by its contracts and controls, and it is not a crossbred organism, a mixed-origin word, or a car with two power sources.[3][4]
A vehicle that draws motive power from two or more distinct sources, most often an internal combustion engine paired with an electric motor and battery. The arrangement dates to the Lohner-Porsche of 1900, and Chan's 2007 review The State of the Art of Electric, Hybrid, and Fuel Cell Vehicles laid out the modern series, parallel, and series-parallel architectures and how they divide the load between engine and motor to cut fuel use. The referent is a physical powertrain with more than one energy converter, rated by fuel economy and power split, and it bears no relation to a crossbred organism, a mixed-origin word, or an intermediate kind of firm.[5]
Next
See how hybrid sits against neighbouring constructs in the Collider, or export every reference on this page in one click.
Open in ColliderExport BibTeXReport this collisionCited on this page?
If your work is cited behind one of these entries, you know better than we do whether we captured the meaning right. Confirm it, suggest an edit, or dispute it, and your name goes on the entry as an author who has checked it, linked to your ORCID.
Claim your construct