Construct · 6 fields · 7 citations
One name. Different field. Different construct. One map.
● jingle · one word, six constructs Nearest construct by meaningloadingcompare the meaningsEvery construct on the map is compared with every other by the meaning of its definitions, and the closest one is surfaced here. The nearest construct to load is loading.
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In structural and civil engineering a load is an external force, or a combination of forces, that a structure must carry: the permanent weight of the structure itself is called dead load, the weight of occupants and movable contents is called live load, and forces from wind, snow, and earthquakes are added to these. Ellingwood, MacGregor, Galambos, and Cornell's 1982 Probability Based Load Criteria: Load Factors and Load Combinations set out how such loads are estimated as probable quantities and multiplied by load factors so a design carries them with a margin of safety. The referent here is a mechanical force pressing on beams and columns, measured in units of force, and it is not the electric power a circuit draws, the work a computer is doing, or a coefficient in a statistical model.[1]
In electrical engineering the load is the amount of power that connected devices draw from a source: any lamp, motor, or appliance wired into a circuit is a load, and the total load on a power system rises and falls through the day, with a steady minimum called base load and a daily maximum called peak load. Gross and Galiana's 1987 Short-Term Load Forecasting reviewed how utilities predict this demand hour by hour so enough generation is scheduled to meet it. The referent is electric power consumed at a point in a circuit or across a grid, measured in watts, and it has nothing to do with a force on a beam, the work a computer is doing, or a statistical coefficient.[2]
In computer science the load is the amount of computational work a system is handling at a given moment: the demand placed on processors, memory, and other resources by the tasks running and waiting. A common summary is the load average, the mean number of processes ready to run, and load balancing spreads work across machines so none is overwhelmed. Eager, Lazowska, and Zahorjan's 1986 Adaptive Load Sharing in Homogeneous Distributed Systems studied how moving tasks from busy machines to idle ones improves response under uneven load. The referent is work queued on computing resources, measured as utilisation or queue length, and it is not a force on a structure, power drawn from a grid, or a coefficient in factor analysis.[3]
In statistics and psychometrics a loading, or factor loading, is the coefficient that links an observed variable to a latent factor in factor analysis: it indicates how strongly that measured variable reflects the hidden factor, much like a correlation between the item and the factor. Thurstone's 1947 Multiple-Factor Analysis developed the method in which a table of such loadings, the factor matrix, shows which variables belong to which underlying factor. The referent is a number in a statistical model describing a measurement, usually between minus one and one, and it is unrelated to a force on a structure, power drawn from a circuit, or the work a computer is doing.[4]
The rate at which a nutrient, most often phosphorus or nitrogen, is delivered to a lake or other water body, generally expressed per unit of surface area per year. Vollenweider's 1968 OECD report on the eutrophication of lakes developed the nutrient loading concept, linking the input rate of phosphorus to how enriched a lake becomes; his 1975 Input-output models formalised it as a balance between nutrients entering and leaving the water. The referent is a flow of mass into an ecosystem over time, and it is distinct from a force on a structure, a factor coefficient, or a premium margin.[5][6]
The amount added to the pure or net premium, the part that just covers expected claims, so that the price charged also covers expenses, a margin for risk, and profit; the gross premium equals the net premium plus this loading. Bowers, Gerber, Hickman, Jones, and Nesbitt's 1997 Actuarial mathematics gives the standard treatment of how the loading is added to the net premium to form the price a policyholder pays. The referent is a monetary margin built into a price, and it is unrelated to a force on a beam, a factor coefficient, or a nutrient input rate.[7]
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