Construct · 3 fields · 5 citations
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In vehicle dynamics and crash safety, rollover is the event in which a vehicle tips about its longitudinal axis onto its side or roof, either tripped by striking a curb or soft soil or, less often, untripped by cornering forces alone. A vehicle's propensity to roll is summarised by its static stability factor, the ratio of half the track width to the centre-of-gravity height, which predicts how much lateral acceleration it can take before the inside wheels lift. Klein's 1992 A statistical analysis of vehicle rollover propensity and vehicle stability tied crash rollover rates to this geometry, and Huston and Kelly's 2014 reassessment examined how well the static stability factor actually predicts real rollovers. The referent is a rotational loss-of-control crash mode, quantified by stability geometry and rollover rates.[1][2]
In corporate finance, rollover refers to replacing maturing short-term debt with new borrowing, and rollover risk is the danger that a borrower cannot refinance on acceptable terms when the old obligation comes due, forcing a costly asset sale or default. Because each refinancing exposes the firm to the credit market afresh, deteriorating conditions feed back into the firm's own solvency. He and Xiong's 2010 Rollover risk and credit risk modelled how this refinancing channel amplifies default risk even for a firm whose fundamentals are unchanged. The referent is a financing-structure exposure, measured through debt-maturity profiles and refinancing spreads, and it has nothing to do with a car tipping over or flame crossing a ceiling.[3]
On the fireground, rollover (also called flameover) is the sight of flames propagating through the layer of hot unburnt pyrolysis gases that collects at the ceiling ahead of the main fire, rolling across the upper space before the lower contents ignite. It happens when that gas layer reaches its ignition temperature and flammable range, and firefighters read it as a warning that the compartment is heading toward flashover. Drysdale's An introduction to fire dynamics describes the premixed flame spread through such accumulated fuel gases, and IFSTA's Fire service orientation and terminology fixes the fireground term. The referent is flame travel through the ceiling gas layer, judged visually and distinct from both a vehicle roll and a debt refinancing.[4][5]
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