Construct · 3 fields · 3 citations

Where does sister collide?

One name. Different field. Different construct. One map.

● jingle · one word, three constructs Nearest construct by meaning·not indexed
sister3 CONSTRUCTSSister groupHENNIG · 1966Sister chromatidsNASMYTH & HAERING · 2009Sister nodesCARNIE · GENERATIVE

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1966Sister group2009Sister chromatids2012Sister nodes
2026

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Phylogenetics

Two clades that are each other's closest kin

In phylogenetics, a sister group (or sister taxon) is the clade most closely related to another, the two having split from a single immediate common ancestor so that each is the other's nearest relative on the tree. Sister relationships are the basic claim a cladogram makes, and they are recovered from shared derived characters rather than overall similarity. Hennig's Phylogenetic systematics made this pairing the unit of genealogical argument. The referent is a relationship of common descent between two lineages, not the paired copies of a chromosome or two branches of a sentence's structure.[1]

Unit
The pairing of two clades descended from one immediate common ancestor
Recovery means
Not applicable
Measured by
Inferred from shared derived characters and supported by branch-support measures on a recovered tree

Cell biology

the two identical DNA copies made when a chromosome replicates, held together by cohesin until the cell divides.

In cell biology, sister chromatids are the two identical DNA copies produced when a chromosome is replicated, held together along their length until the cell divides. Cohesin, a ring-shaped protein complex, keeps the pair joined so that at anaphase each daughter cell receives exactly one copy, and loss of cohesion causes mis-segregation. Nasmyth and Haering's 2009 Cohesin: Its roles and mechanisms reviews how the pairing is built and dissolved. The referent is a pair of replicated chromosome copies inside a dividing cell, unrelated to two clades on a tree or two constituents of a phrase.[2]

Unit
The bonded pair of replicated chromosome copies awaiting segregation
Recovery means
Not applicable
Measured by
Observed by cytogenetics and live imaging of cohesion and separation, and by assays of cohesin loading and cleavage

Syntax

two nodes in a phrase-structure tree that are immediately dominated by the same mother node.

In generative syntax, two nodes are sisters when they are immediately dominated by the same mother node in a phrase-structure tree, that is, when they are the two daughters of one branching. Sisterhood defines the local domains in which syntactic relations such as selection and government hold. Carnie's Syntax: A generative introduction gives the structural definition and its use in c-command. The referent is a configurational relation between nodes in a grammatical tree, sharing only the kinship word with sister clades or sister chromatids.[3]

Unit
The relation between two nodes dominated by a single mother node
Recovery means
Not applicable
Measured by
Read directly off the phrase-structure tree by immediate domination; diagnosed through c-command and constituency tests

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Nearby collisions

argument3 fields · 3 citationsjingle · one word, three constructsbranching3 fields · 4 citationsjingle · one word, three constructscell2 fields · 3 citationsjingle · one word, two constructs

References

  1. Hennig, W. (1966). Phylogenetic systematics (D. D. Davis & R. Zangerl, Trans.). University of Illinois Press. ISBN 9780252068140
  2. Nasmyth, K., & Haering, C. H. (2009). Cohesin: Its roles and mechanisms. Annual Review of Genetics, 43, 525–558. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-102108-134233
  3. Carnie, A. (2012). Syntax: A generative introduction (3rd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 9780470655313

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