Construct · 4 fields · 4 citations
One name. Different field. Different construct. One map.
● jingle · one word, four constructs Nearest construct by meaningexternalitycompare the meaningsEvery construct on the map is compared with every other by the meaning of its definitions, and the closest one is surfaced here. The nearest construct to spillover is externality.
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The benefit that one firm's activity, especially its research and invention, confers on other firms and regions that did not pay for it: ideas leak across organisational boundaries, so the social return to research exceeds the private return the inventor captures. Griliches's 1992 The Search for R&D Spillovers reviewed how economists try to measure this leakage of knowledge and its effect on the productivity of other producers. The referent here is an uncompensated economic effect flowing between economic actors, a kind of externality, and it has nothing to do with a virus crossing from an animal into a person or a bad mood carried home from work.[1]
The transmission of a pathogen from its animal reservoir into a new host species, above all into humans, which is the starting point of many emerging infectious diseases. Plowright and colleagues' 2017 Pathways to zoonotic spillover set out the chain of conditions, from reservoir prevalence to human exposure and susceptibility, that all must line up for a microbe to cross the species barrier and establish. The referent is a biological jump of a living pathogen from one species to another at a contact interface, not a benefit leaking between firms or a mood carried between the office and the home.[2]
The carrying over of moods, attitudes, energy, and behaviour by one person between the work domain and the family domain, in either direction and either positively or negatively: a hard day at work follows someone home, or a happy home life brightens their work. Staines's 1980 Spillover Versus Compensation reviewed the evidence that experiences in one domain colour the other, and set this against the rival idea that people compensate in one domain for what the other lacks. The referent is a within-person carryover across life domains, and it is distinct from crossover between two people, from a knowledge benefit between firms, and from a pathogen crossing between species.[3]
In marine ecology, spillover refers to the movement of adult fish from a marine reserve into nearby fished areas, a proposed benefit of reserves to fisheries. This meaning comes from Russ (1996) in Marine Ecology Progress Series.[4]
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