Construct · 3 fields · 7 citations
One name. Different field. Different construct. One map.
● jingle · one word, three sciences Nearest construct by meaningself-controlcompare the meaningsEvery construct on the map is compared with every other by the meaning of its definitions, and the closest one is surfaced here. The nearest construct to elasticity is self-control.
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The responsiveness of one quantity to a change in another, written as a ratio of proportional changes so that the result carries no units. Marshall introduced the term in the 1890 Principles of Economics, borrowing it openly from mechanics, and defined the elasticity of demand as the proportional change in quantity demanded divided by the proportional change in price. Demand is elastic when that ratio exceeds one and inelastic when it falls below, and the same construction yields income elasticity, cross-price elasticity, and the elasticity of substitution. Frisch's 1959 scheme for computing a full matrix of direct and cross elasticities shows how far the ratio was generalized. Nothing here springs back and nothing resists a load; the word names a slope on a curve.[1][2]
A material's tendency to return to its original shape once a deforming force is removed. Hooke stated the governing rule in 1678 as ut tensio, sic vis, that the extension is proportional to the force, and the constant of proportionality is the body's stiffness. Young supplied the modulus that carries his name in his 1807 lectures, the ratio of stress to strain that measures a material's resistance to elastic deformation, and Landau and Lifshitz cast the field in the tensor form still taught, relating the stress and strain tensors through a material's elastic constants. Elasticity in this meaning is recoverable: below the elastic limit the specimen returns, and above it the deformation is plastic and permanent. The quantity has dimensions, measured in pascals, and it is a fact about matter rather than about any response to a price or a threat.[3][4][5]
The capacity to adjust the level of impulse control to fit the situation, tightening it when circumstances demand restraint and loosening it when they allow spontaneity. Block and Block set out the pair in their 1980 chapter: ego-control is a person's characteristic degree of restraint over impulse, and ego-resiliency is the elasticity of that control, the ability to move off a habitual level and back again as conditions change. Block and Kremen showed in 1996 that the capacity is empirically separable from measured intelligence, which marks it as a distinct construct and not a proxy for general competence. It is not trait resilience in the popular meaning of bouncing back from adversity, though the two names are swapped constantly. What flexes here is self-regulation, and what it answers to is circumstance, not force and not price.[6][7]
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