Where does mask collide?

A fixed pattern of bits used to select, set, or clear particular bits of another value by a bitwise operation: ANDing a value with a mask keeps only the bits the mask marks and zeroes the rest, so the mask works as a stencil laid over a binary word. Mogul and Postel's 1985 Internet standard subnetting procedure defined the subnet mask, a bit pattern ANDed with an address to separate its network and host portions, one common use of the idea. The referent is a bit pattern applied to a machine word, described by which bits it marks, and it is not a sound that hides a fainter one, a carved face worn in ritual, or the self a person shows to others.[1]

Unit

A bit pattern that selects or clears chosen bits of a value

Recovery means

Not applicable

Measured by

Read off as the set of bits it marks, and applied by bitwise AND, OR, or XOR against a target word

The rise in the level at which one sound can just be detected that is caused by the presence of another sound: a louder or spectrally near tone or noise can render a fainter sound inaudible, so the masker hides the maskee. Fletcher's 1940 Auditory patterns set out how a tone is masked mainly by noise within a limited band around its own frequency, work that led to the idea of the critical band in hearing. The referent is a perceptual interference between stimuli, measured as a shift in a detection threshold in decibels, and it has nothing to do with a pattern of bits, a worn object, or a social face.[2]

Unit

The upward shift in a sound's detection threshold, in decibels

Recovery means

The masked sound becomes audible again once the masking sound is removed or moved outside the critical band

Measured by

Measured as the change in a probe tone's threshold, in decibels, as a masking sound is varied in level and frequency

The self a person presents to others, the managed social face put forward before an audience rather than the private experience held behind it: in the dramaturgical view a person performs a role and works to control the impression given, much as a player wears a face for a part. Goffman's 1959 The presentation of self in everyday life described this presented self as a performance staged for others and sustained by the setting and the audience. The referent is a pattern of self-presentation in ordinary social life, studied through interaction, and it is not a carved object, a masking sound, or a string of bits.[3]

Unit

The managed face a person presents to an audience

Recovery means

Not applicable

Measured by

Studied by observing how people manage the impressions they give and give off in interaction